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Golf is a worldwide popular sport in which the player must hit the ball into the hole with the fewest number of strokes using various types of clubs. And so 18 times.
Golf is one of the few sports in which the main opponent of any player is not an opponent, and he himself and what surrounds him.
Golf is one of the few ball games that does not require a standard court. On the contrary, golf is played on courses, each of which has an original design. The only requirement is the presence of 9 or 18 holes. Hole called as the hole in the ground where the ball is rolled, and specially prepared area of a few hundred meters, and consists of the starting area – tee (tee), the main area – fairway (fairway) and the area “green” (green) with a hole in it. These zones differ from each other by the presence of obstacles – high grass (rough), flowers, bushes, trees, sand bunkers and water obstacles.
At the beginning of the game the ball with the identification mark of the player is set on the starting area (“tee”). Often golfers use a wooden or metal prop for convenience. From the tee, the player must hit the fairway, take a few strokes (depending on the type of court) to get the ball on the green, a court with perfect grass on which the ball rolls without interference. In order to hit the ball into the hole from the green, a special kind of club – putter.
Most golf courses are about 5.5 kilometers long. To play 18 holes usually takes three to four hours. Players move around the course on foot or in electric cars. Golfers compete alone, in pairs or in groups. Sometimes they are accompanied by caddies – assistants who carry the equipment and can give the players tips.
Rules of Golf
The main principle of the game of golf is: “Play the ball as it lies, play the course as it is, if neither is possible, do justice to it.”
The game of golf is governed by quite a few rules, but, again, unlike most other sports, it does not require the presence of a judge or referee (unless, of course, it is an official tournament). Players must know the rules themselves, be honest about the number of strokes and “play the ball the way it lays.
An important component of the game of golf is etiquette, a carefully guarded tradition that has undergone virtually no change in the history of the game. First of all, it is good manners, respectful attitude towards partners and opponents, maintaining order on the courses.
Scoring in the game of golf
In the basic game of golf, the score is made up of the number of strokes a player makes, plus the penalty that may be imposed on him. If you have completed 18 holes in 90 strokes and your opponent has completed 92, you have won.
Golf’s scoring and scoring system is based on par. A par is the predetermined number of strokes in which a high level golfer must complete one hole or the entire course if successful.
Each hole’s par is determined according to its length and difficulty. A standard par-3 hole is less than 250 yards (225 meters) long, a par-4 hole is 251 to 475 yards (225 to 434 meters), and a par-5 hole is greater than 475 yards. Par-6 and par-7 holes are rare, but they do occur, mostly in the United States. They can exceed 650 yards (595 meters). The degree of slope can also affect the level of the par hole. If the path from the tee to the green is downhill, the par may be lower than the length of the hole suggests; if uphill, the opposite is true. Par can also be affected by the location of obstacles and the shape of the green.
The par of a golf course is the sum of the par for each hole. Typically the par of a course is between 70 and 72 strokes, but most golfers rarely manage to achieve this figure. The most common combination on golf courses is four holes with a par-3, ten with a par-4, and four with a par-5. Other combinations also exist, but they are less common.
If you go a hole with the par-4 in five strokes, your score is “+1.” In golf, this is called a bogey. If you manage, for example, to walk the par-5 hole in four strokes, your score is -1 or a bogey. If the player drives the ball into the hole with the first tee shot, it is called a hole-in-one (Hole-in-one) or an “Ace.
